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Paper   IPM / P / 7912
School of Physics
  Title:   Density-Functional Theory of Strongly Correlated Fermi Gases in Elongated Harmonic Traps
  Author(s): 
1.  G. Xianlong
2.  M. Polini
3.  R. Asgari
4.  M. P. Tosi
  Status:   Published
  Journal: Phys. Rev. A
  Vol.:  73
  Year:  2006
  Pages:   033609
  Supported by:            IPM IPM
  Abstract:
Two-component Fermi gases with tunable repulsive or attractive interactions inside quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) harmonic wells may soon become the cleanest laboratory realizations of strongly correlated Luttiger and Luther-Emery liquids under confinement. We present a microscopic Kohn-Sham density-functional theory of these systems, with specific attention to a gas on the approach to a confinement-induced Feshbach resonance. The theory employs the one-dimensional Gaudin-Yang model as the reference system and transfers the appropriate Q1D ground-state correlations to the confined inhomogeneous gas via a suitable local-density approximation to the exchange and correlation energy functional. Quantitative understanding of the role of the interactions in the bulk shell structure of the axial density profile is thereby achieved. While repulsive intercomponent interactions depress the amplitude of the shell structure of the noninteracting gas, attractive interactions stabilize atomic-density waves through spin pairing. These should be clearly observable in atomic clouds containing of the order of up to a hundred atoms.

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